Hands Down, These Are the Best Carbs to Eat

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First things first, there are two kinds of carbs in this world: simple carbs and complex carbs. Robin Foroutan, MD, RDN, HHC, a spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, says that carbohydrates are strings of sugars chemically bonded together; the complexity of the bonds determines what kind of carb it is. When consumed, they get converted into glucose and are used as a type of fuel for our body. Carbs are an important part of a balanced, healthy diet; you just have to be mindful of what types of carbs you introduce into your eating plan, and consume in moderation.

"Simple carbs, things like refined grains, sugar, those kinds of foods that we usually recommend people to minimize, those bonds break apart really easily, and so our bodies can get a fast surge of glucose and energy from that," she explains. "The problem is that if the bonds break apart too fast, that's when we see the spike in blood sugar and then the corresponding drop, which leaves us hangry, hungry, more irritable." You might experience lethargy or a sugar crash after consuming.

As for complex carbs, Foroutan says they contain more bonds and are more difficult to break. "That's when you get the slow and steady energy, and then the slow and steady blood sugar decline," she says. "That's really what we're looking for in terms of blood sugar balance. Those are the slow-burning carbohydrates, which are always the best ones. They're going to be found in whole grains, starchy vegetables. Vegetables, in general, have carbohydrates too, even the ones that we consider non-starchy."

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Okay so now you might be thinking, okay, simple carbs are the "bad," ones and complex carbs are the "good" ones, but that's not quite true. Fruits can contain simple carbs but also contain other important nutrients and fiber, which affects blood glucose in a different way by releasing into the bloodstream slowly, according to Harvard Health Publishing. When choosing a carb, Foroutan recommends looking for whole foods, rather than refined or overly processed options.

She also says you should think about your meal as a whole and consider any other nutrients the carbs you're eating contain. For example, root vegetables contain carbs but they also have vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. "Blood sugar really also depends on what else you have at that meal," Foroutan explains. "If you have protein together with a carbohydrate, it slows the rate of how long it will take and how fast the carbohydrate will hit your bloodstream. So you've slowed things down by just adding protein to the meal."

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You also might be reading this while you're on a low-carb diet and thinking you might be missing out on all those nutrients in the "good" carbs. But Foroutan says you don't have to worry too much about it, especially if you're being smart and safe with your eating plan. "As long as your energy levels are good, then you're in good shape," she says. "You're definitely still going to be getting carbohydrates from vegetables and fruits. As far as starchy grains, if your body's very depleted in carbohydrates, it can make carbohydrates from the other things that you eat. It's called gluconeogenesis. Your body can make glucose from other things, but then when you're on a low-carb diet, your body is using glucose, but it's also using ketones. That gives a metabolic flexibility that is healthy to have."

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And for those of us who enjoy a piece of cake or a bag of chips from time to time, are we really putting ourselves in big danger with these "bad" carbs? Is the bad rap real? Yes, if you overdo it. "When you spike your blood sugar like that, it stresses out the body," Foroutan explains. "If you have too many carbs for what your body can metabolize easily, you end up having higher triglycerides. Cholesterol will go up. Your risk of heart disease goes up. Your risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver goes up. There are significant metabolic effects and potential health risks to eating too many refined carbohydrates."

While it's not exactly recommended to go HAM on these types of carbs, if you do decide to indulge, consider how you are consuming them. "Even if you decide that you're going to have a lovely piece of white French bread at a restaurant at the beginning of the meal, if you put butter on it, that slows the absorption of the carbs," she says. "Even time of day matters. The sugar and the carbs that you eat at night have a bigger effect on blood sugar than the ones that you have earlier in the day." Don't beat yourself up if you have a "bad" carb, but it's not advised to overdo it. And, if you have a disease like diabetes, you'll want to avoid the "bad" carbs altogether.

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The gist of all of this? Carbs are an essential part of the diet, but you've got to be choosey. And like everything in life, moderation is key. So, if you're looking for ideas on what carbs to add to your diet and ones to avoid, or limit, take a look at a few below.

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Fruit like bananas, mangoes, and apples contain high amounts of carbs, but they also have plenty of other nutrients like potassium, vitamin C, and fiber.

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Sweet potatoes are a whole food that is better digested. "Your digestion works on it slowly, and so because it takes longer to digest, it releases the carbohydrates from that food in a slower way, slower and steady," Foroutan says.

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Snack foods are refined carbs that are stripped of fiber and protein, and it makes your glucose levels spike quickly, according to The Cleveland Clinic.

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Harvard Health Publishing recommends limiting the amount of refined sugars like high-fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, agave, honey, and white and brown sugar. Of course, these sugars are found in pastries and other desserts.

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White bread is refined, which can spike your blood sugar and then drop it down, Foroutan says.

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Like white bread, white pasta is also refined. Still want your pasta fix? Opt for whole-grain.

Next up: 7 Trans Fat Foods You Should Avoid at All Costs

This article was originally published at an earlier date and has been updated.